how to use geotextile fabric

by AGU

A woven geotextile is a type of geosynthetic fabric that is made by interlacing synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene, polyester, or nylon, in a woven pattern. The weaving process involves the crossing of warp threads (longitudinal fibers) and weft threads (transverse fibers) to form a strong and durable fabric. Woven geotextiles have various properties and functions, such as:

Strength: Woven geotextiles have high tensile strength and load-bearing capabilities, making them suitable for applications that require load transfer and distribution, such as under roadways, embankments, or retaining walls.
Filtration: Woven geotextiles have low permeability and porosity, meaning they allow water to pass through while restricting the movement of soil particles. This feature is essential for applications that require both drainage and soil retention, such as in drainage systems or landfills.
Durability: Woven geotextiles are resistant to damage from environmental factors, such as UV radiation, chemicals, and biological degradation. This ensures their long-term performance and stability in various geotechnical applications.
Soil Reinforcement: Woven geotextiles provide reinforcement to weak or unstable soils. They help distribute loads and improve the overall stability of the soil, reducing settlement and potential failure.
Erosion Control: Woven geotextiles protect slopes, embankments, and riverbanks from erosion caused by water flow or wind. They help hold the soil in place, preventing it from being washed away or eroded.

Woven geotextiles are commonly used in applications where soil stabilization, reinforcement, and filtration are required. They can separate and stabilize different soil layers, reinforce soil structures, facilitate water flow in drainage systems, and act as a barrier to control leachate and prevent soil contamination in landfills.

Woven geotextiles vary in weight, thickness, weave density and pattern. Heavier styles provide maximum strength, while lighter styles provide more flexibility. Different weave patterns can affect the filtration and permeability properties of the fabric. Proper specifications ensure woven geotextiles withstand stresses while maintaining filtration properties required. Woven geotextiles are commonly used where significant reinforcement is essential for a project’s design life.

To use woven geotextiles, some general guidelines are:

Site Preparation: Before installing woven geotextiles, ensure that the site is properly prepared. Clear the area of any debris, vegetation, or sharp objects that could potentially damage the fabric.
Determine the Type and Thickness: Select the appropriate type and thickness of woven geotextiles based on the specific requirements of your project. Consider factors such as soil conditions, load-bearing capacity, and desired functions (filtration, separation, reinforcement, etc.).
Excavation and Grading: Excavate the area to the required depth and grade the surface as needed. Ensure that the soil is compacted and leveled before installing the woven geotextiles.
Installation: Roll out the woven geotextiles across the prepared surface. Ensure that they extend beyond the intended coverage area to allow for proper overlap and anchoring. Secure the fabric using stakes or other appropriate methods to prevent movement during subsequent construction activities.
Overlapping and Seaming: If multiple rolls of woven geotextiles are required, overlap the edges according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. Typically, a minimum overlap of 12 inches (30 cm) is recommended. Secure the overlapping sections using appropriate seaming techniques, such as sewing or heat bonding, to ensure a strong and continuous barrier.
Anchoring: Depending on the project requirements, woven geotextiles may need to be anchored to prevent displacement. This can be done using staples, nails, or other suitable fasteners. Ensure that the fabric remains taut and properly aligned throughout the installation process.
Backfilling and Compaction: If the application involves backfilling, carefully place the backfill material over the woven geotextiles layer. Compact the backfill in thin, even layers using suitable compaction equipment. Take care to avoid damaging or disturbing the woven geotextiles during this process.
Additional Construction: Proceed with the construction activities specific to your project, such as installing drainage systems, laying paving materials, or constructing retaining walls. Woven geotextiles can be incorporated into these activities as needed to provide the desired functions (filtration, separation, reinforcement, etc.).

It’s important to note that the specific installation guidelines for woven geotextiles may vary depending on the project, site conditions, and local regulations. Always refer to the manufacturer’s instructions and consult with a qualified engineer or geotechnical professional to ensure proper installation and performance of the woven geotextiles in your specific application